Carex aterrima

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Habitus and growth type

  • Height [m]: 0.3–0.6
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  • Growth form: clonal herb
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  • Life form: hemicryptophyte
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Leaf

  • Leaf presence and metamorphosis: leaves present, not modified
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  • Leaf arrangement (phyllotaxis): alternate
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  • Leaf shape: simple – entire
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  • Stipules: absent
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  • Petiole: absent
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Flower

  • Flowering period [month]: June–July
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  • Flower colour: black
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  • Perianth type: flower achlamydeous
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  • Inflorescence type: spica e spiculis composita
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Fruit, seed and dispersal

  • Fruit type: dry fruit – nut enclosed in an utricle
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  • Fruit colour: brown
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  • Dispersal unit (diaspore): fruit, infrutescence or its part
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  • Dispersal strategy: Allium (mainly autochory)
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Trophic mode

  • Parasitism and mycoheterotrophy: autotrophic
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  • Carnivory: non-carnivorous
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  • Symbiotic nitrogen fixation: no nitrogen-fixing symbionts
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Karyology

  • Chromosome number (2n): 52, 54
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  • Ploidy level (x): 2
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  • 2C genome size [Mbp]: 804.96
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  • 1Cx monoploid genome size [Mbp]: 402.48
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  • Genomic GC content: 37.1 %
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Taxon origin

  • Origin in the Czech Republic: native
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Ecological indicator values

  • Ellenberg-type indicator values

  • Light indicator value: 8 – light plant, only exceptionally occurring at less than 40% of diffuse radiation incident in an open area
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  • Temperature indicator value: 2 – transition between values 1 and 3
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  • Moisture indicator value: 6 – transition between values 5 and 7
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  • Reaction indicator value: 4 – transition between values 3 and 5
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  • Nutrient indicator value: 2 – transition between values 1 and 3
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  • Salinity indicator value: 0 – not salt tolerant, glycophyte
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Habitat and sociology

  • Occurrence in habitats

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  • 2 Alpine and subalpine grasslands

  • 2B Subalpine tall-forb and tall-grass vegetation: 2 – optimum
  • Affinity to the forest environment

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  • Affinity to the forest environment in Thermophyticum: 0 – taxon that does not spontaneously occur in Czech forests
  • Affinity to the forest environment in Mesophyticum and Oreophyticum: 0 – taxon that does not spontaneously occur in Czech forests

Distribution and frequency

  • Continentality degree: 6
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  • Distribution range extension along the continentality gradient: 2
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  • Elevational belt in the Czech Republic: subalpine belt
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  • Occurrence frequency in the basic grid mapping cells and quadrants of the basic grid mapping cells: 5, 7
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  • Number of habitats with taxon occurrence in the Czech Republic

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  • Number of narrow habitats in which the taxon occurs: 1
  • Number of narrow habitats in which the taxon has its optimum: 1
  • Number of broad habitats in which the taxon occurs: 1
  • Number of broad habitats in which the taxon has its optimum: 1

Threats and protection

  • Red List 2017 (national categories): C2r – endangered taxon, rare
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  • Red List 2017 (IUCN categories): EN – endangered
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  • Legal protection: not protected by law
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